Canada's Social Fabric is Tearing Apart
Internationally, brand Canada is recognized and respected and we have earned this respect
We are blessed to be living in Canada. We are afforded every opportunity to collaborate, co-exist and and build a nation that sets an example for the world. But the devastating events of the last couple of weeks including horrific revelations of 215 children buried at a B.C. residential school; an outbreak of anti-Semitism from pro-Palestinian protesters across the country and the horrific murder of a Muslim family, have left me wondering if Canadians can ever overcome racism and live in harmony.
Canada’s history is grounded in racism and discrimination. From the incomprehensible ethnic cleansing and cultural genocide of our Indigenous communities; to the head-tax of the Chinese population; the internment of Japanese and Italian communities during the Second World War to an unbelievable human rights catastrophe by refusing Jewish refugees fleeing from the Holocaust, as a “none is too many” policy.
These are just a few of the many disturbing episodes in the dark corners of our national history. The Truth and Reconciliation Commission began an introspection into this nation’s past and possibly a window into a better future. There is so much more.
But through determination, we began rising as a nation. We began paving a path to an identity greater than our individualism. We distanced ourselves from the polarization and historic generational conflicts around the world — and even came to believe we could create a new utopia. The Charter of Rights and Freedoms breathed life into the idea that Canada should be underpinned by freedom, justice and liberty. While celebrating multiculturalism we were bemoaning the intolerance of the past. We set up human rights commissions; an office to investigate warcrimes and installed a series of laws to counter hate crimes.
Internationally, brand Canada is recognized and respected and we have earned this respect by creating a society that puts respect and acceptance first.
After the violence of the last number of weeks, our social fabric is coming apart. Canadians no longer feel safe and secure in their own homes. In one of my lectures this week, a Jewish child asked me if its still safe to wear a kippah on the street. Our political leaders have begun engaging in partisan politics, exacerbating internal fear and strife playing into the recent conflict between the terrorist group, Hamas and Israel.
Shockingly, some Parliamentarians have been issuing letters critical of Israel to their constituents and to Parliament itself — which have only fanned inter-communal animosity. Some public groups have issued statements supporting the anti-Semitic boycott, divestment and sanctions campaign against Israel while Jewish staff have reached out to me about feeling discriminated against in their own companies and organizations.
This is not my Canada. It was heart wrenching to see the violent anti-Semitic demonstrations on our city streets. Mobs of pro-Palestinian protestors disregarded our very foundational values of respect, tolerance and peaceful protest and violently attacked Jewish protestors. Fearing for their lives, Jewish residents set up street patrols and called on authorities to break their silence and condemn and act upon the prevailing anti-Semitism that shattered the safety and security of our cities.
The murder of the Muslim family in London afforded a missed opportunity for us to come together as Canadians. Immediately following the tragedy, I issued a statement on behalf of the Jewish community expressing “my heartfelt condolences to my brothers and sisters of the Muslim faith”. I said, “I wish to reassure them that they can count on us to stand with them at this difficult moment and that we unequivocally condemn this outrageous attack”.
Following my statement, I began reaching out to my friends in the Muslim community, including the London Mosque with the same message. Not surprisingly, my message was embraced by the Jewish community at large.
We were all shocked however when in front of the Canadian Prime Minister, Ontario’s Premier and major party leaders, the final speaker at the televised vigil for the family said: “whatever is happening in Jerusalem and Gaza is related to what is happening in London, Ontario”. While he says his words are misconstrued, his comment was met with criticism over what seemed to be an attempt to “relate” the two events in reference to “foreign policy.” It was disappointing to see what appears to be a politicization of an important gathering with respect to the Palestinian-Israeli conflict.
The cheers from the crowd and the “free Palestine” chants following his remarks, did not make things better for Canada. Worse, the silence from our elected officials in attendance cannot be disregarded.
As Canadians, we have made tremendous strides toward cooperation and collaboration over the last number of years. Following the Pittsburgh synagogue massacre, I hosted a high level meeting of interfaith leaders who came together to condemn hatred for all. Today, I am choosing to have hope over despair; to continue reaching out to Canadians; to strengthen my interfaith friendships and interfaith outreach. And most importantly, to encourage a universal framework against hate and intolerance. After all, I am Canadian and so are you.
Time to take action against hate online
It's time for Canada to reassert itself against online hate. The first step would be to restore Section 13 of the Canadian Human Rights Act.
Canada’s Charter of Rights and Freedoms protects us from many of the tyrannies inflicted by despotic regimes elsewhere in the world. But it does not protect against the promotion to the spread of hate and intolerance on the internet and social networking sites. The internet has no borders, no laws and no regulation, and now threatens our peaceful way of life.
Canadians pride themselves on tolerance and respect for diversity, a running platform for most of our political parties. For example, in his acceptance speech for the Conservative Party of Canada leadership, Erin O’Toole eloquently made a point of wanting to broaden the tent from coast to coast. He said, “I believe whether you are Black, white, brown, or from any race or creed, whether you are LGBT or straight, whether you are an Indigenous Canadian, you are an important part of Canada.”
So for the most part, we cherish inclusivity as a hallmark of our human rights values. But we have failed when it comes to regulating hate online. Our inability to act upon hate speech on internet platforms was a focus point of a 2018 parliamentary commission (in which I testified) that sought community advice. Nothing special happened after that.
Since then, things have gotten worse. Just a few weeks ago, a global uproar ensued against postings on the TikTok app in which teenagers dressed up like concentration camp prisoners, in what many called Holocaust-pornography. Given the uproar, the app released a new hate speech policy and said it had removed an astonishing number of videos (380,000) in the United States and banned 1,300 accounts and removed 64,000 hateful comments. Twitter and Facebook have also moved to produce regulation and policy with regard to hatred emanating on their platform. This is all a good start.
But much of this social change has been driven by public user advocacy, like a 48-hour walkout campaign on Twitter last month called “#nosafespaceforjewhatred”. A number of British politicians, celebrities, high profile leaders and members signed off of Twitter for two days — forcing the platform to take action. Twitter says it may block “Content that promotes violence against, threatens or harasses other people on the basis of race, ethnicity, national origin, caste, sexual orientation, gender, gender identity, religious affiliation, age, disability, or serious disease.”
Canada has significant hate speech laws, however, in 2013, it shockingly dropped Section 13 of the Canadian Human Rights Act, the so called “hate speech provision.” The law held that “communication of hate messages by telephone or on the internet” could be brought to the federal Human Rights Commission.
The section was effective against neo-Nazi websites and provided a way to challenge internet service providers hosting hate sites. Now, the situation has become intolerable, as public protests mount and people feel violated and bullied by the vile language and images they see online. They say the internet is fast becoming a tool for the wicked and those who wish to exploit impressionable minds.
It’s time for Canada to take control of the situation, to reassert itself against online hate. The first step would be to restore Section 13 of the Canadian Human Rights Act. The next step would be to penalize service providers with heavy fines (like France does) if they do not remove hate speech. Finally, Canada must set up an office (like the CRTC) to monitor the internet, take complaints, act upon them and educate the public.
Our human right to live free of online hate and intolerance must be acted on immediately. Canada must continue being a beacon of light and hope for all peoples by championing humanity and standing up for dignity and compassion online and in the real world. Because we are Canadian.
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Neo Nazi Threat in Canada
It may have taken place 14,000 kilometres away, but the recent trial of a killer in New Zealand highlights the threat that white supremacist neo-Nazi groups pose to open societies. The killer entered a mosque and shot 51 people in cold blood and injured 40 others — all because of a racist ideology.
Rooted in Nazism, that ideology is based on Hitler’s false notion of racial superiority. At the top were the Germans, or “Aryans” — people with white skin, fair hair and light eyes who were supposedly physically stronger than all others. Based on theories of genetics, evolution and the notion of racial impurity, the Nazis classified races, placing Jews at the bottom of their made-up hierarchy.
It was a calculated strategy designed to delegitimize, marginalize and dehumanize Jews, along with groups like the Roma and even people with disabilities. Jews, for instance, were described and portrayed in Nazi imagery as rats and vermin. Physical measurements such as the size of their skulls, their noses and their height were used in propaganda materials to show that they had evolutionary deficiencies, in order to ready the German population for the eventual annihilation of the Jews.
Hitler and the Nazis may be gone, but their ideology survives and, in some cases, thrives. The New Zealand shooter produced a manifesto alluding to “white genocide” conspiracy theories. His manifesto allegedly contained anti-immigrant sentiments and concern over non-European immigrants invading the country — a common perception among white supremacists and nationalists.
With all this in mind, Canadians have much to be concerned about. In fact, a report from the Institute for Strategic Dialogue, a think tank based in the United Kingdom, identified significant white supremacist activity in Canada. Its report “identified 6,660 right-wing extremist channels, pages, groups and accounts across seven media platforms … the reach of these channels, pages, groups and accounts was significant, and collectively they reached over 11 million users across these platforms.”
This is hardly surprising. Part of the problem is our lax laws pertaining to online hate, and a lack of any sort of regulatory body to address the issue. It’s no wonder that hateful videos have recently shown up online calling Jews parasites and arguing for them to be removed from the country. And it took a number of years for the courts to take down an anti-Semitic and misogynistic newspaper that was circulated both online and in print.
The North American white supremacist movement became even more emboldened after the 2017 Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, Va. Those who took part in it were mainly members of the so-called alt-right movement and comprised many streams, including white nationalists, Klansmen and neo-Nazis. Marchers chanted racist and anti-Semitic rhetoric, including the now infamous slogan, “The Jews will not replace us” — a conspiracy theory, which suggests that Jews want to take over the world.
We have all been affected by mass shootings connected to racism and intolerance. In Quebec City, six people were brutally murdered and another 19 injured in an attack on a Muslim cultural centre in 2017. The following year, a white supremacist attacked the Tree of Life synagogue in Pittsburgh, killing 11 worshippers and wounding six others.
The New Zealand mosque shooter may have been sentenced to life without parole, but the ideology that drove him to this rampage, like all hateful ideologies, survives and continues to infect generation after generation of disenfranchised people.
As the world continues to teeter on the brink of ethnic conflict, as race riots and demonstrations persist in America and Europe, and as class warfare is heightened by loss of employment due to COVID-19, white supremacists will attempt to seize on this instability and grow their base. We need to be far more concerned about this threat, and far bolder in addressing it. The time is now.
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Advancing Human Rights in Canada: We are Almost There!
There is no place on Earth like Canada – the land of the free. Canada is perfect for anyone seeking a life of relative tranquility, peace, freedom, equality and opportunity. That’s why more people immigrate to Canada – 250,000 per year approximately – than almost anywhere else on the planet.
Canada is the second-largest land mass on the planet, blessed with plenty of water and magnificent lakes, rivers and mountains. Its people are resilient given the harsh winters, yet caring, compassionate and mostly respectful of one another.
Yet Canada continues to be a work in progress, having progressed and sometimes regressed over the last 150 years since nationhood. We should celebrate but not be satisfied that our work is done.
Our national shame is our treatment of the indigenous community. Canada is a first-world nation, but within Canada there are indigenous people who are worse off than people living in third-world countries. According to Scott Gilmore in MacLean’s, indigenous communities have an “unemployment rate worse than Sudan… and infant mortality rate worse than Russia.”
I was shocked to learn “there are 89 communities without safe drinking water”; that “the murder rate is worse than Somalia’s and the incarceration rate is the highest in the world”; and that “a child is more likely to be sexually assaulted than to graduate high school.” According to an RCMP report, 1,017 indigenous women and girls have been murdered in Canada between 1980 and 2012 – a homicide rate roughly 4.5 times that of all women. How can this possibly be in our beloved Canada?
Our country is great, but it’s taking us a while to reconcile with the past and fix the present. It was not until 2008 that then-prime minister Stephen Harper apologized for the dreadful residential school system that destroyed many lives. In fact, only last week on National Aboriginal Day did Prime Minister Justin Trudeau announce that the name of the building which houses his office would change from Hector-Louis Langevin – the architect of the residential school system – to the “Office of the Prime Minister and Privy Council.”
While we are strong and free, this was not always the case for everyone. It is hard to believe Indigenous Peoples – the originals on this land – were only given the right to vote federally in 1960. As difficult to comprehend today, the disturbing “Chinese Exclusion Act” was repealed in 1947, granting Chinese-Canadians the right to vote in federal elections. Fifty-one years after Canada’s Confederation in 1867 – the “Women’s Franchise Act” was passed permitting all women to vote in federal elections. But it was not until 1929 that Canadian women were declared to be “persons under law.”
Some Canadians certainly noticed and tried to beat down the prevalent racism and inequality in this country. Canada was forced into introspection when it signed the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1947. Our greatest achievement from a human rights perspective was that it was crafted by Canadian John Peters Humphrey – an opportunity for Canada to truly become the land of the free.
The declaration was signed only a year after most Canadians said they opposed Jewish immigration. Who could forget that Canada would not give refuge to Jewish immigrants trying to flee the Nazis between 1933 and 1945 and how it refused entry to the St. Louis, a ship carrying 907 German-Jewish refugees, in 1939?
The horrible internment of more than 20,000 Japanese in 1942 and the continuous legacy of the “Chinese Head Tax” beginning in 1885 give us pause. Canada’s consciousness began evolving when in 1971 the federal government introduced multiculturalism as a policy of acceptance of ethnic identity. Things progressed from there. In 1977, the Canadian Human Rights Commission was established and in 1982 the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms was introduced.
In 1985, people such as Jim Keegstra could no longer promote hate against Jews. Women were required to be fully integrated into regular and reserve Canadian Forces in 1988. In 1990, Sikhs were permitted to wear turbans while in RCMP uniform. In 2005, the Civil Marriage Act was passed, making same-sex marriages legal in Canada, and in 2006 the prime minister apologized in the House of Commons for the Chinese Head Tax. Canada must still endeavour to correct the injustice of its indigenous population, and this began in 2008 with the Truth and Reconciliation Commission.
For all of our gains, lately it feels like we still have to continue fighting to ensure Canada remains strong and free. Let’s proudly celebrate our birthday – and pray that “God keep our land glorious and free.”
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How the NDP could become a credible voice for Mideast peace
Canada’s New Democratic Party has a wonderful, storied past of standing up for human rights and creating positive social change. For this reason, it could become a credible voice for peace in the Middle East. Given the party’s grassroots diversity, it is also in a remarkable position to positively advance and influence interfaith dialogue and strengthen efforts to eliminate anti-Semitism, racism and discrimination. On the world stage, standing up for the oppressed is desperately required and it was welcome news to note raised concern about the plight of the Uyghurs at the party’s recent federal policy convention.
In the case of the Middle East however, the situation is complex, and credible evidence-based approaches are required to help mediate between the Palestinians and the Israelis. The party could be productive on this file if a more balanced and nuanced strategy was implemented to validate and encourage all sides to negotiate and resolve their long-standing disputes. Instead, what the general public is seeing is one-sided policy resolutions mainly siding with the Palestinians.
In the “Redefining Canada’s place in the world” section of the party’s convention policy book, a total of four out of 20 proposed resolutions (20 per cent) related to the Middle East question, more than any other issue. Despite the incredible human tragedy involving more than one million Uyghurs imprisoned in labour camps in China, a resolution concerning that situation ranked eighth on the party’s priority list, whereas “Justice and peace in Israel-Palestine” ranked second, and a more perturbing resolution “opposing the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA) definition of anti-Semitism” ranked sixth.
In the case of the Middle East, the situation is complex
Given that one of the most pressing global issues is the plight of the Uyghur people, it is disheartening that their pleas for help are hierarchically lower than opposition to an internationally accepted definition of racism and discrimination against the Jewish people. While imperfect, the IHRA definition has been widely accepted by over 40 nations around the world, including our own government. It is the best tool civil society has to combat the rising scourge of anti-Semitism. It does not criminalize critique of Israel and acknowledges that fair criticism is welcomed.
The party adopted a resolution in favour of “ending all trade and economic co-operation with illegal settlements in Israel-Palestine” and “suspending the bilateral trade of all arms and related materials with the State of Israel until Palestinian rights are upheld.” Given the fact that most if not all Western nations oppose drastic measures of this nature, preferring to become credible brokers of peace, the NDP’s hardline position against the Jewish state may limit its international influence and diplomacy.
More significantly, with the party’s storied past of standing up for the oppressed, to hear suggestions of anti-Semitism within its ranks is alarming. Writing in the Globe and Mail about the policy convention, John Ibbitson surmised that this approach “will leave a residual concern over whether the party’s criticism of Israel reveals anti-Semitism among at least some of its members.” Similarly, in the Times of Israel, Fred Maroun wrote that the NDP’s “anti-Semitism problem was on full display” at its policy convention. However, many good people within the party are working diligently to curb this perception and shape a productive Mideast policy.
To create good and effective policy requires a sophisticated approach to emerging global issues. The world around us is rapidly changing, particularly given both impending threats to global order and new multilateral approaches. On the latter, political parties can strengthen policy and showcase complexity by recognizing for example, that the Middle East has changed. Noting serious security, political and economic concerns involving the Palestinian Authority, Arab governments in the region are themselves paving a path to peace by recognizing Israel and working with both peoples equitably.
Moreover, credible international players are substantively concerned about increased international disorder that is diminishing human rights in general. Over the past 14 years, Freedom House has reported a marked decline in freedom and democracy on a global scale. Political parties working to address these findings should encourage a strengthening of projects and programs that advance the causes of peace and social justice. The focus, in other words, must shift away from free and democratic nations to such dangerous regimes as Syria, Iran and North Korea, among others. The overly weighted focus on Israel in the NDP handbook coupled with limitations of time and resources, leaves out many pressing international human rights issues that could be addressed.
There is an encouraging, positive world emerging out of the ashes of war and conflict in the Middle East. The Abraham Accords have infused the region with incredible peace and understanding. This week, Israel celebrated its 73rd Independence Day to much fanfare. For the first time in its history, its Arab neighbours passionately congratulated the Jewish State. It’s welcome news given that earlier in the week, Israel also held Remembrance Day events for its 23,928 soldiers and victims of terror who have been killed over its past seven decades.
Peace begets peace, and positive and collaborative energy is always more fulfilling and productive. Many of my readers may call me naïve, but I have always believed in all my work that a more positive and conciliatory approach, when possible, is the better way. That’s why I believe the NDP can become a credible broker for peace.